Complete APA 7 Style guide for academic papers
Quickly find how to format your paper, create a title page, use citations, prepare references, and present tables or figures in APA 7 Style.
Updated August 4, 2026
By Andrés Rivas
What APA 7 Style is
APA Style provides a clear and consistent way to present academic papers. It guides document organization, the acknowledgment of other people's ideas, and the information readers need to find each source.
Not every guideline applies in the same way to every paper. A short assignment, a thesis, and a professional manuscript may require different elements. If your university or instructor provides specific requirements, follow them together with the APA rules that apply.
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Document format
General paper format
Learn how to set APA 7 margins, font, spacing, indentation, alignment, and page numbers with visual examples.
How to format an APA 7 title page
Learn what an APA 7 student title page includes, compare official and institutional layouts, and use clear examples before creating it in Word.
- What is an APA title page?
- What goes on a student title page?
- Official APA 7 title page format
- Official APA title page example
- When to use an institutional title page
- Institutional title page example
- How to create a title page step by step
- Title pages with multiple authors
- Student and professional title pages
- Common title page mistakes
- Title page checklist
APA 7 headings and subheadings: levels, format, and examples
Learn how to organize APA 7 headings, choose the correct level, and apply alignment, bold, italics, and punctuation with clear examples.
APA 7 style mechanics: writing and presentation rules
Learn how APA Style presents capitalization, italics, quotation marks, abbreviations, numbers, units, statistics, and mathematical symbols.
- What style mechanics covers
- How to use this guide
- Capitalization
- When to use italics
- How to use quotation marks
- Parentheses and square brackets
- Punctuation in academic writing
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Numbers in numerals or words
- Decimal numbers
- Percentages and units of measurement
- Statistical symbols
- How to report statistics in the text
- Special characters and mathematical symbols
- Checklist
Paper structure
APA 7 paper structure: parts and order
Learn which parts an APA 7 paper includes, how to order them, and which elements depend on the assignment or institution.
- APA 7 student and professional papers: key differences
- Order of pages in an APA 7 paper
- APA 7 abstract and keywords: format and example
- APA 7 paper introduction and body: structure and examples
- Method, Results, and Discussion in an APA 7 paper
- Footnotes in APA 7 Style: format and examples
- Supplemental materials in APA 7 Style: when to use them
Citations and sources
In-text citations
Learn why citations matter, how they prevent plagiarism, and how to write parenthetical, narrative, and paraphrase citations in APA 7 Style.
- How to format direct quotations
- How to paraphrase in APA 7 Style: examples and citations
- Plagiarism and self-plagiarism: differences and prevention
- Primary and secondary sources: differences and citations
- How to cite interviews and personal communications
- Before writing a citation
- What you need to cite
- What an in-text citation is
- General mentions of websites and software
- What information a citation needs
- Parenthetical and narrative citations
- How to cite a paraphrase
- Paraphrases that continue for several sentences
- How the number of authors changes a citation
- What to do when information is missing
- How to cite several sources for one idea
- How to use a secondary source
- How to cite a personal communication
- How to quote exact words
- Example paragraph with several citations
- Checklist
How to write references
Learn what an APA reference is, how it relates to an in-text citation, and which details you need to create one.
APA 7 reference types: formats and examples
Identify the kind of work you used and open the right guide for its reference and in-text citations.
- How to cite journal, magazine, newspaper, and blog articles
- How to cite a book
- How to cite a book chapter
- How to cite a report
- How to cite a conference presentation
- How to cite a dissertation or thesis
- How to cite a review
- How to cite unpublished works and preprints
- How to cite a data set
- How to cite software and apps
- How to cite tests, scales, and inventories
- How to cite films, television series, and videos
- How to cite podcasts, songs, and audio recordings
- How to cite images and visual works
- How to cite social media posts
- How to cite a webpage
How to cite laws, court cases, and legal materials
Learn how to cite court cases, statutes, bills, regulations, patents, constitutions, treaties, and other legal materials.
- Before creating a legal reference
- How to cite legal materials in the text
- Court cases and decisions
- U.S. Supreme Court decision
- Statutes and acts
- Act published in an official code section
- Act identified by its public law number
- State statute with a revision date
- Testimony, hearings, bills, and resolutions
- Legislative testimony
- Complete hearing
- Unenacted bill
- Enacted resolution that did not become law
- Legislative report
- Regulations and executive orders
- Regulation in an official code
- Proposed regulation
- Executive order
- Patents
- U.S. patent
- Constitutions and charters
- Constitutional article
- United Nations Charter
- Treaties and international conventions
- United Nations convention
- How to check a legal reference
APA 7 reference list: format, order, and examples
Learn to build an APA 7 reference list with examples, alphabetical order, and hanging indents, and see how it differs from a bibliography.
- APA 7 bibliography: how to create one with an example
- What an APA reference list is
- Reference list and bibliography are not the same
- What belongs in the list
- Sources that are normally left out
- How a citation connects to its reference
- Where the reference list begins
- How to format each entry
- Complete reference list example
- How to alphabetize references
- Multiple works by the same author
- Same author and same year
- How to check the list before submitting
Visual elements
Visual elements and related formats
Explore separate guides to figures, tables, lists, equations, and appendices in APA 7 Style papers.
A recommended path for reviewing your paper
You do not need to learn the entire style before you begin. Work in stages and return to this page whenever a question comes up:
- Set your paper's general format, review its style mechanics, and complete the APA 7 title page.
- Define the paper structure and organize the headings so the content is easy to follow.
- Check that ideas taken from other sources have an in-text citation. If you copy the exact words, apply the rules for direct quotations.
- Make sure every citation has an APA reference, then organize all entries in the reference list.
- Use Mentur to improve your paper. Upload your document and receive a clear report with the points worth reviewing before you submit it.
Each guide introduces the concept, explains the rule, and then shows how to apply it with examples.
Review your paper faster with Mentur
Checking an entire paper by hand can take time and makes small details easy to miss. Mentur helps you find the formatting, structure, citation, and reference points worth checking in your Word file before you submit.
You receive an organized report that shows where to focus, so you can make corrections faster. You stay in control of every change and can compare each recommendation with the related guide and your institution's instructions.
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